Drilling machine



Dec. 1, 1959 Filed March 30, 1955 E. E. PARSONAGE DRILLING MACHINE 4 Sheets-Sheet 1- INVENTOR E DWARD E. PARSONA 6E BY MOM ATTORNEY Dec. 1, 1959 E. E. PA Rs oNAeE 2,915,237

DRILLING momma Filed March so, 1955 v 4 sheets-sheets INVENTOR ,0 EDWARD E. PARSONAGE ATTORNEY Dec. 1959 E. E. PARSONAGE 2, 1

' DRILLING MACHINE Filed March 30. 1955 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENT OR EDWARD E. PARSONAGE 'zzno ATTO" or the like.

DRILLING MACHINE Edward E. Parsonage, Evansville, Ind.

Application March 30, 1955, Serial No. 497,872

7 Claims; (Cl. 255-3) The present invention relates to a drilling machine which effectively drills through every type of mineral strata. The invention relates more particularly to a new and improved drilling machine which permits a faster rate of drilling than has been possible heretofore at any drilling'location without the use of auxiliary equipment, manual operators or the like.

Heretofore, drilling through mineral strata has been accomplished by utilizing conventional drills, such as the jack-hammer, churn drill, auger drill or rotary drill. The use of theabove-mentioned conventional drills is limited for example, by the effectiveness of the drill in certain types of mineral strata, the depth of the drilling, the requirement of auxiliary equipment or a large supply of water for deep drilling, or the need of manual operation.

The novel drilling machine disclosed herein. provides effective drilling through every type of mineral strata without the use of auxiliary equipment, manual operators The drilling machine is provided with a drill hole cleaning assembly which operates effectively either with water or air without the necessity of complicated mechanical changes or the use of specialized equipment, and as the drilling machine is readily movable, effective drilling operation is afforded at every drilling site.

The applicants novel drilling machine broadly comprises a cradle mechanism and a drill hole cleaning assembly positioned on a movable platform along with a conventional power source, speed reduction mechanism and a compressor. During the drilling operation, the drill stem moves in an upward and downward direction with successive rotation of the drill stem either during the up ward or the downward movement. Such drill stem operation is desirable as the cutting head of the drill stem cuts successive areas of the mineral strata during con tinuing cycles of drilling operation. The drill hole cleannig assembly is equally adaptable for either air or water operation, the choice of air or water being generally dependent upon the physical characteristics of the strata beingdrilled.

The present invention has, therefore, as a principal object the provision of a drilling machine which drills through every type of mineral strata in an effective manner.

A further and more general object of the invention is to provide a drilling machine which does not require the use of specialized auxiliary equipment or manual operation for drilling different types of mineral strata to any required depth.

Another object of the invention is to provide a drilling machine equipped with a drill hole cleaning assembly which is equally adaptable for use with air or water depending upon the characteristics of the strata being drilled.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a drilling machine which is easily movable to the desired drilling sites.

Other objects and a better understanding of the inventiotrwillbecome more apparent from the following de- United States Patent ce 2,915,281

Patented Dec. 1, 1959 tailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a view in front elevation of the cradle of the drilling machine;

Figure 1A is a view in side elevation of a portion of the cradle mechanism, taken at line 1A-1A of Figure 1 looking in the direction of the arrows;

Figure 1B is a view in side elevation of another portion of the cradle mechanism, taken at line 1B--1B of Figure 1 and looking in the direction of the arrows;

Figure 2 is an enlarged view in cross-section of the upper crank head, taken at line 22 of Figure 1 and looking in the direction of the arrows;

7 Figure 3 is a view in cross-section of the friction clutch, taken at line 3-3 of Figure 1 and looking in the direction of the arrows;

Figure 4 is a view in cross-section of the gib assembly, taken at line 4-4 of Figure 1 and looking in the direc tion of the arrows;

Figure 5 is an enlarged plan view of the roller assembly which is oscillated by the connecting rod between the upper crank head and the lower crank head;

Figure 6 is a view'in front elevation of the drill hole cleaning assembly of the drilling machine;

Figure 6A is a view in cross-section of the drill hole cleaning assembly, taken at line 6A6A of Figure 6 and looking in the direction of the arrows;

Figure 7 isa view in front cross-section of a portion of the drill hole cleaning assembly;

Figure 8 is a partially broken view in elevation and cross-section of other portions of the drill hole cleaning assembly, as generally viewed in the direction of the arrows 8-8 of Figure 6, but including structure not shown in Figure 6;

Figure 9 is a plan view of an optional drive assembly of the drilling machine; and

Figure 10 is a view in side elevation of the optional drive assembly of Figure 9.

For the purposes of promoting an understanding of the principles of the invention, reference will now be made to the embodiment illustrated in the drawings, and specific language will be used to describe the same. It will nevertheless be understood that no limitation of the scope of the invention is thereby intended, such alterations and further modifications in the illustrated device, and such further applications of the principles of the in vention as illustrated therein, being contemplated as would normally occur to one skilled in the art to which the invention relates.

Referring now to Figure 1, a cradle 10 of the drilling machine is shown pivo-tally mounted on supporting frame 11 by shafts 12 and 14, shafts 12 and 14 being supported by webs 15 formed on the frame 11. The pivotal mounting permits the movement of the cradle 10 through an arc of degrees, permitting angular drilling and providing access to and the adjustment of the cradle mechanism.

A drive wheel 21 supported by the shaft 14 and provided witha pulley having belts 21a rotates from a power source (not shown) preferably through a conventional speedreduction' assembly (not shown). In the present embodiment, drive wheel 21 rotates in a clockwise direction and a conventional clutch typev gasoline engine is used as the power source. Preferably the supporting frame 11 is formed on a conventionally mounted movable platform which also includes thereon the power source, the speed reduction assembly and other required equipment.

The drive wheel 21 may be formed of solid metal and extending therefrom. in close proximity to its periphery is: a. rotatable pin 22. Pin 22. engages an upper crank head 23, the assembly of which is shown more particularly in Figure 2.

The upper crank head 23 is rectangular in cross section .and positions blocks 25 and 26therein. Block 25, which is preferably formed of metal, receives pin 22, a bushing 27 being provided therebetween. Block 26 is formed of a rubber or similar resilient material to absorb the shock of compression created during the drilling operation.

A connecting rod 29 joins a shoulder 23a extending from the upper crank head 23 and a shoulder 30a extending from a lower crank head 30 through nuts 31. The lower crank head 30 is constructed similarly to the upper crank head 23, modified, however, so that the compression block 26 is positioned above block 25. Connecting rod 29 is preferably a solid material encased with a rubber or similar compound for protection from move ment of rollers 62a and 62b, to be discussed herebelow.

A pin 32 extends through the block 25 of the lower crank head 30 and through a hammer member 40, pin

,32 having a larger diameter through the hammer member 40 than the portion through lower crank head 30. In the present embodiment, pin 32 is welded to the hammer member 49 at 32a. The other end of pin 32 has a slide 33 screwed and pinned thereto, the slide 33 being positioned by gibs 34 to fix the movement of pin 32 to a vertical direction, as more particularly disclosed by Figure 4. The gibs 34 may be fastened to the side wall of cradle by bolts or welding, for example. A washer 35 and nut 36 may be used to complete the connection between the pin 32 and the slide 33 of the gib assembly.

Figure 1 discloses the position of the cradle mechanism when the upper crank head 23 is at its lowest position on the drive wheel 21. At such time, the hammer member 40 rests upon an anvil 41 which is provided with a recessed disc 42, preferably formed of fibre, for diminishing the shock and noise of compression during the drilling operation. The anvil 41 is securely positioned in cradle 10 by a support member 10a which rests in recessed areas formed in the side Walls of the cradle 10, additional support being provided by shear plates 10d preferably welded to the side walls of the cradle 19.

Hammer member 40 has a front and a rear flange, 40a and 4%, respectively, extending therefrom for receiving support bolts 44 having heads 45. Support bolts 44 thread into nuts 46 through a front flange 65a and a rear flange 65b formed in upper mount 65. Drill stem 20 extends through the hammer member 40 and the anvil 41, the drill stem 20 extending through an opening in pin 32 which permits the rotation and longitudinal movement thereof.

A rotating friction clutch 50 is positioned above the hammer member 40, a ball thrust bearing 51 being provided therebetween. As shown in Figures 1 and 1A and more particularly in Figure 3, the friction clutch 50 encircles the drill stem 20 and comprises two semi-cylinders 50a and 50b. Semi-cylindrical bushings 54 and semicylindrical friction elements 53 encircle the drill stem 20 and friction elements 53 are drawn into firm contact therewith by nuts and bolts 52 provided in recessed areas of the semi-cylinders 50a and 50b. Friction elements 53 may be formed from any desired material, such as Micarta, for example.

Serrations 500 are provided on the outer surface of friction clutch 50 proximate to the lower edge 50d thereof and form ratchet teeth for engaging a reciprocating pawl 55. Pawl 55 is supported on the upper surface of the front flange 40a extending from hammer member 40 and rotates on the companion support bolt 44, as shown in Figure 3. A spring 56 connects an arm 55a formed on pawl 55 and a hook 57 on slide 33 in gibs 34 and urges pawl 55 into contact with the teeth or serrations formed on friction clutch 50. The spring 56 may be a rubber band or other resilient means, for example.

Above the friction clutch 50 for effecting the rotation thereof is a second friction clutch 60 comprising a disc on which a plate 61 rests, plate 61 supporting and positioning a front roller 62a and a rear roller 62b on a flange 61a extending therefrom, as shown in Figure 5. Slots are provided in flange 61a to permit varying the distance between rollers 62a and 62b, the distance between the rollers affecting the rate of rotation of the drill stem 20. Friction clutch 60 may be formed from any desired material, such as Micarta, for example. A coil spring 63 is seated on a thrust bearing 64 resting on the plate 61, the spring 63 extending to a threaded member 66 which extends through the upper mount 65 and is secured thereto by nut 67. The tension on the spring 63'rnay be varied as desired by tightening or loosening the nuts 46 on support bolts 44 and nut 67. The drill stem 20 extends through the friction clutch 60, plate 61, ball thrust bearing 64, spring 63 and upper mount 65, the drill stem 20 further'extending as shown in Figure 6 to connect with the drill hole cleaning assembly, to be discussed herebelow.

Referring now to Figures 6 and 7, the drill stem 20 is shown extending through a bushed collar 17 retained in an upper support member 1% of cradle 10. As the drilling operation continues and additional lengths of drill stem 20 are required, the additional lengths are screwed to each other and into a discharge pipe 71, as at 70.

The body portion of the drill hole cleaning assembly comprises a collar 73 suitably afiixed to the discharge pipe 71, as by welding, for example, the collar 73 supporting cupped washers 74 containing rubber shock resistors 75 therebetween. Encircling discharge pipe 71 are a bushing 77 and a sleeve 78, with a bushing 79 threading onto the lower portion of the sleeve 78. An internally threaded sleeve 80 threads onto a recessed portion of bushing 79.

A cupped washer assembly 84 containing rubber shock resistors 85 is positioned above the sleeve 78 and separated therefrom by a washer 83. A washer 86 positioned above the cupped washer assembly 84 seals into a sleeve 87 threaded onto the threaded upper end of discharge pipe 71. A collar 88 is threaded into the sleeve 87, a pipe 90 threading into the collar 88. A free end of pipe 90 is adapted to receive a discharge hose 91 suitably retained thereon by a hose clamp 92. A hose 91, preferably of rubber, is loosely inserted into an outlet pipe 93, so that as the drill stem 20 rotates during the drilling operation, the hose 91 connecting onto the rotating discharge pipe 71 also rotates freely inside of the outlet pipe 93, more particularly shown in Figure 8.

The sleeve 80 has flanges 80a and 80b extending from either side thereof forming pivot connections at 96 with flanges a and 95b, respectively, of the slidable guide sleeves 95. The guide sleeves 95 encircle and are adapted to be movable on guides 94, the guides 94 being positioned on the upper support member 10b of cradle 10, as by mounting collars 18a and 18b, for example, the upper end of guides 94 being joined by brace 89. A flange 800 extends from the sleeve 80 preferably at right angles to the flanges 80a and 80b, flange 80c having a support 80a integrally formed thereon and welded or suitably engaging outlet pipe 93 into which hose 91 is loosely inserted. A discharge hose 97 is provided for connection with an internally threaded nipple 98 on the outlet pipe 97, dis charge hose 97 emptying into a reservoir (not shown), if desired. A conventional pipe cap (not shown) is provided to engage the internal threads of sleeve 80 after that portion of the drill hole cleaning assembly above the washer 86 is removed, to be discussed more fully herein below with respect to the drill hole cleaning system utilizing air.

In a typical drilling operation, the drilling machine is readily assembled for use as will be apparent from the.

following description. The drilling machine is moved to the site of the drilling operation where the cradle 10 may be pivoted to a horizontal or near horizontal position to permit the drill stem 20 to be easily tightened into place in the machine before the drill is pivoted to the desired drilling position. A section of drill stem 20 extends through the anvil 41, hammer member 40, friction clutch 50, friction clutch 60, plate 61, bearing 64, spring 63 and through upper mount 65 of the cradle mechanism, the lower end of the drill stem 20 receiving the cuttinghead (not shown).

After the drill stem 20 is placed in the machine, nuts 52. of friction clutch 50 aretightened so that friction elements 53 firmly contact drill stem 20, as shown in Figure 3. Depending upon the characteristics of the strata being drilled, the tension on spring 63 may be increased or decreased by tightening or loosening nuts 46 attaching support bolts 44 through the front flange 65a and the rear flange 65b of the upper mount 65 and the nut 67 over the upper mount 65. An increase of tension on spring 63 effectively increases the ability of the friction clutch 60 to rotate the drill stem 20 through the primary frictional force on the drill stem 20 in friction clutch 50'. The increase of tension on spring 63 has the additional effectof permitting a greater thrust of downwardrforce during the drilling operation.

Depending upon the length of each section of drill stem 20, several sections may be assembled together, if desired, to permit a longer period of operation of the drilling machine. Drill stem 20 connects to the discharge pipe 71 to form a continuous hollow section of pipe from the drilling area in the drill hole through the drill hole cleaning assembly. In the event a water type cleaning system is used, water may be poured into the drill hole from an outside source and during the drilling operation the sludge flows up through and out of the drill stem and the drill hole cleaning assembly for disposal as waste or into a settling reservoir, if desired. Use of the settling reservoir is preferable in that the sludge may be settled out, andthe clearer water reused for the drilling operation. In the event an air type of cleaning system is used, the structure is modified as explained more in detail herebelow and air flows from a compressor preferably into the drill hole cleaning assembly and down through the discharge pipe 71 and the drill stem 20 to the cutting area, thereby blowing theloose debris away and up from the drill hole.

With the drilling machine assembled as desired above, the operation thereof will be as follows, the reference point being the position of theupper crank head as the drive wheel 21 rotates:

With the upper crank head 23 at its lowest position and the corresponding parts positioned as shown in Figures 1 and 1B, andv with drive wheel 21 rotating in a clockwise direction, i.e. towards the front of the cradle, theupper crank head 23 moves upwardly as does the lower crank head 30, through connecting rod 29, the.

lower crank head.30 rotating on pin 32, the movement of pin 32 being limited to a vertical direction through slide 33movingbetween the gibs34. As pin 32 moves vertically upward, the hammer member 40 and all associated components thereabove move simultaneously in the same direction, including the drill stem 20 which is firmly engag'ed by the semi-cylindrical friction elements 53 in friction clutch 50, as described below.

As the upper crank head 23 moves upwardly in a clockwise. direction from its lowest position to its uppermostv position along with the other components associated therewith, connecting member 29 comes into contact with the rear roller 62b supported by flange 61a on plate 61 and friction clutch 50 rotates in a counterclockwise direction, i.e. from left to right as facing the cradle in Figure 1,

through friction clutch 60. When the friction clutch 50 rotates, drill stem 20 also rotates, permitting the cutting edges of thecutting head in the drill hole to make successive cuts in. the mineral strata for each downward or drilling stroke. When the upper crank head 23 reaches its uppermost position, connecting rod 29 is no longer con- 6 tacting-therear roller 62b, as the clockwise rotationof the upper crank head 23has-resulted in the forward movement of the connecting rod 29 away from the rear roller 62b.

Whenthe upper crankhead 23 is at its uppermost position with respect to drive wheel 21, hammer member 40 and all associated components thereabove are also in their uppermost vertical position. As the upper crank head 23 rotates in a clockwise direction downwardly, the lower crankhead 30 moves downwardly rotating on pin 32, the movement of pin 32 being limited to a vertical path, as described above. The hammer member 40 and all components thereabove move downwardly through pin 32 until the hammer member 40 strikes the anvil 41, at which time the force of the downward thrust feeds the drill stem downwardly, overcoming the frictional forces holding the drill stem 20 in friction clutch 50. At the time the hammer member 40 strikes the anvil 41, the uppercrank head 23 isat its lowest position, as shown in Figure 1.

While the upper crank head'23 was rotating down- I wardly from its uppermost position to its lowest position,

the connecting rod 29 came into contact with the front roller 62a positioned on flange 61a of plate 61. The serrations 500 on the lower outer surface of friction clutch 50 form teeth which in connection with pawl 55 prevent the rotation of the friction clutch 50 in a clockwise direction. Plate 61, therefore, slips on the friction clutch 60, with spring 63 on bearing 64 also rotating with the slipping of the friction clutch 60. It should be apparent in reference to pawl 55, that the spring 56 which urges the pawl 55' into the teeth formed by the serrations 500 also moves in an upward and downward direction with the other components since'it is hooked onto'slide Mat 57. When the upper crank head 23 reaches its lowermost position with respect to the rotation of the drive wheel'21, connecting rod 29 is no longer in contact with the front rol'ler'62a, as the clockwise rotation of the upper crank head 23 has resulted' in the rearward movement of the connecting rod 29 away from the front roller 62a.

From the preceding discussion of a typical embodiment of the invention, it is readily apparent, therefore, that during a complete cycle of drilling operation, the drill stem 20 is moved in an upward longitudinal direction and rotated longitudinally during such upward movement,

followed by a downward vertical movement, the downward thrust of which permits the drill stem 24 to slip and feed into the drill hole when the hammer member 40 strikes the anvil 41. It should be apparent, however, that with slight modification, the drill stem 20 is capable of being rotated during the downward longitudinal movement thereof with equally satisfactory results.

Although the operation of the drilling machine is decribed above with reference to a belt driven drive wheel operated from a conventional power source through a speed reduction arrangement, it shouldbe apparent that the drive assembly shown in Figure 9 and Figure 10 afiords a greater downward thrust during the drilling operation and permits a faster rate of drilling through certain types of mineral strata.

Referring now to Figure 9 and Figure 10, a sprocket type drive wheel 21 is shown positioned in the cradle 10 of the drilling machine, with the pin 22 and the upper crank head 23 in the uppermost position. Suitably aiiixed to the side walls of cradle 10, as by welding, for example,

are plates 1% which support a shaft 1511. Shaft 101 is conventionally mounted on plates 18!! through cup washer and bearing assembly 162.

A sprocket wheel 1&5 is positioned on the shaft 101 and is freely rotatable thereon, a sprocket chain 166 connecting the sprocket wheel 1G5 and the drive wheel 21. A

hub 105a of the sprocket wheel contacts a hub 108a of a second larger diameter sprocket Wheel 108, the sprocket wheel ltls'being'keyed to'shaft 101 and rotating in response to a sprocket wheel 109 on a conventional power source (not shown) through sprocket chain 110.

Aflixed to a side of sprocket wheel 108, as by bolting, for example, is a plate 111 onto which a sleeve 11111 is preferably welded. Sleeve 111a giudes and retains one end of a spring 114, the other end being guided and retained by a second sleeve 115. A bolt 116 extends through the spring 114, a washer 117 and a rubber absorber 118 separating the head 116a thereof from the sleeve 115. A nut 116b fastens to bolt 116, and a washer 119 and a rubber absorber 120 between the nut 11Gb and the sleeve 111a completes the assembly. The head 116a of bolt 116 engages and contacts a recessed area formed in a flange 121 preferably bolted onto the sprocket wheel 105.

During operation, the sprocket wheel 108 and shaft 101 rotate in response to the power source, and as bolt 116 engages the flange 121 on sprocket wheel 105, the sprocket wheel 105 rotates and drives the drive wheel 21. The sprocket wheel 105 rotates at approximately the same rate as the sprocket wheel 108, but as the upper crank head 23 moves from the lowermost position to its uppermost position on drive wheel 21, greater resistance force is encountered and the spring 114 compresses. When the upper crank head 23 passes the uppermost position, the compressional force in the spring 114 is released, and sprocket wheel 105 rotates at a faster rate than the sprocket wheel 103, thereby permitting a stronger downward thrust during the drilling stroke and affording a faster rate of drilling through the mineral strata. As the compressional force from the spring 114 diminishes, the sprocket wheel 1G5 and the sprocket wheel 108 again approximate the same rotational rate.

With respect to the operation of the drill hole cleaning assembly shown in Figures 6, 6A, 7 and 8, the drill hole cleaning assembly moves vertically in an upward and downward direction with drill stem 20, guide sleeves 95 controlling the movement thereof on guides 94. With the drill hole cleaning assembly connected for water oper ation, water is introduced directly into the drill hole during the drilling operation and the sludge formed at the drilling area works up through the center of the drill stem 20 and into discharge pipe 71. The sludge continues moving through pipe 90 and into hose 91, hose 91 having been inserted into the outlet pipe 93, as shown in Figure 8. The sludge passes from the outlet pipe 93 into discharge hose 97, the latter connecting to outlet pipe 93 through nipple 98, and preferably into a reservoir, where, for example, the foreign particles may be settled from the water, permitting the water to be recirculated for the drilling operation.

With the water cleaning operation, discharge pipe 71 rotates with drill stem 20, as does collar 73, cupped washer assembly 74 with shock resistors 75, washer 83, cupped washer assembly 84 with shock resistors 85, washer 86, sleeve 87, collar 88, pipe 90 and hose 91, hose 91 being loosely inserted into outlet pipe 93 to permit easy rotation thereof during the drilling operation.

Sleeve 80, collar 79, sleeve 78 and bushing 77 do not rotate during the drilling operation due to flanges 80a and 80b of sleeve 80 forming pivots with flanges 95a of guide sleeve 95, such arrangement permitting the frontward and backward movement of the central portion of the drill hole cleaning assembly when discharge pipe 71 is disconnected from the drill stem 20.

With the drill hole cleaning assembly connected for air operation, the sleeve 87, collar 88 and pipe 90 shown in Figure 7 are removed from the assembly, and a conventional pipe cap which fits over the upper end of discharge pipe 71, washer 86, cupped washer assembly 84 and shock resistors 85 is threaded into the internal upper threads of .sleeve 80, a nipple being provided if desired. Air is introduced into a conventional type air inlet 80 in sleeve 80 through a hose from a compressor (not shown), flow- .ing upwards within the pipe cap and into the open end of discharge pipe 71, and then downwards through discharge pipe 71, drillstem 20 and to the drilling area where the moving air flows from the cutting headinto the drill hole, forcing the cuttings from the hole. A conventional compressor is preferably used as the source of the air, the compressor being positioned on the movable platform.

With the use of either water or air in the bore hole cleaning assembly, it should be apparent that an effective and convenient system is provided in connection with the applicants novel drilling machine for cleaning the bore hole during the drilling operation.

From the preceding description, it should be apparent that by utilizing the invention effective drilling operation is accomplished through any type of mineral strata without the use of additional equipment, the need for manual operators or the like. The drilling machine is susceptible to changes in material and dimensions; moreover, modifications may be made to the machine as, for example, the increasing of the downward thrust by substituting a spring and block assembly for the connecting rod and the upper and lower crank head. Further, as indicated above, it should be apparent that the drill stem may be made to rotate longitudinally either during the upward or downward longitudinal movement thereof by modi fying the drilling machine within the scope and intent of the invention. Thus, the above description should be considered as illustrative and not as limiting the scope of the following claims.

I claim:

1. A drilling machine adapted to receive a drill stem comprising a rotatable drive wheel, a connecting rod having one end pivotally engaging said drive wheel and another end pivotally engaging a hammer member encircling said drill stem, said connecting rod reciprocating in response to the rotation of said drive Wheel and effecting linear movement to said hammer member, a first friction clutch gripping said drill stem and moving with said hammer member to impart upward and downward longitudinal movement to said drill stem, a second friction clutch frictionally engaging said first friction clutch, said connecting rod intermittently imparting rotating movement to said second friction clutch, and

an anvil encircling said drill stern. and periodically engaged by said hammer member, the position of said anvil being fixed with reference to the movement of said hammer member, said hammer member engaging said anvil at a force overcoming the gripping force of said first friction clutch on said drill stem to effect longitudinal displacement of the latter with reference to said first friction clutch.

2. A drilling machine adapted to receivea drill stem comprising a rotatable drive wheel, a connecting rod having one end pivotally engaging a side of said drive wheel and another end pivotally engaging a hammer member encircling said drill stem, said connecting rod reciprocating in response to the rotation of said drive wheel and effecting movement of said hammer member longitudinally of said drill stem, a first friction clutch gripping said drill stem and moving with said hammer member to impart upward and downward longitudinal movement to said drill stem, a second friction clutch encircling said drill stem and engaging said first'friction clutch, said connecting rod engaging said second friction clutch and intermittently imparting a rotating movement thereto, said rotating movement of said second friction clutch rotating said first friction clutch and said drill stem, and an anvil encircling said drill stem and periodically engaged by said hammer member, the position of said anvil being fixed with reference to the movement of said hammer member, said hammer member engaging said anvil at a force overcoming the gripping force of said first friction clutch on said drill stem to effect longitudinal displacement of the latter with reference to said first friction clutch.

3. A drilling machine adapted to receive a drill stem comprising a rotatable drive wheel, a connecting rod having one end pivotally engaging said drive wheel and another end pivotally engaging a hammer member encircling said drill stern, said connecting rod reciprocating in response to the rotation of said drive wheel and and effecting movement of said hammer member longitudinally of said drill stem, 21 first friction clutch gripping said drill stem moving with said hammer member to impart upward and downward longitudinal movement to said drill stem, a second friction clutch engaging said first friction clutch and imparting intermittent rotational displacement thereto in response to oscillating movement of said connecting rod, a holding pawl engaging said fi st friction clutch to limit the movement thereof to one direction, and an anvil encircling saiddrill stem and periodically engaged by said hammer member, the position of said anvil being fixed with reference to the movement of said hammer member, said hammer member engaging said anvil at a force overcoming the gripping force of said first friction clutch on said drill stem to effect longitudinal displacement of the latter with reference to said first friction clutch.

4. A drilling machine adapted to receive a drill stern comprising a rotatable drive wheel, a connecting rod having one end pivotally engaging a side of said drive wheel and another end pivotally engaging a hammer member encircling said drill stem, said connecting rod reciprocating in response to the rotation of said drive wheel and effecting movement of said hammer member longitudinally of said drill stem, a first friction clutch gripping said drill stem and moving with said hammer member to impart upward and downward longitudinal movement to said drill stem, a second friction clutch encircling said drill stem and engaging said first friction clutch, said connecting rod engaging said second friction clutch and intermittently imparting rotational displacement to said drill stem, a holding pawl engaging said first friction clutch to maintain a unidirectional rotation of said drill stern, and an anvil encircling said drill stem and periodically engaged by said hammer member, the position of said anvil being fixed with reference to the movement of said hammer member, said hammer member engaging said anvil at a force overcoming the gripping force of said first friction clutch on said drill stem to effect longitudinal displacement of the latter with reference to said first friction clutch.

5. A drilling machine adapted to receive a drill stem comprising a rotatable drive wheel, a self-stabilizing connecting rod having one end pivotally engaging a side of said drive wheel and another end pivotally engaging a hammer member encircling said drill stem, said connecting rod reciprocating in response to the rotation of said drive wheel and effecting movement of said hammer member longitudinally of said drill stem, a first friction clutch gripping said drill'stem moving with said hammer member to impart upward and downward longitudinal movement to said drill stem, a second friction clutch engaging said first friction clutch and moving therewith, said second friction clutch imparting intermittent rotational displacement to said first friction clutch in response to oscillating movement of said connecting rod, the rotation of said first friction clutch rotating said drill stem, a holding pawl engaging said first friction clutch to maintain the rotation of said first friction clutch in one direction, and an anvil encircling said drill stem and periodically engaged by said hammer member, the position of said anvil being fixed with reference to the movement of said hammer member, said hammer member engaging said anvil at a force overcoming the gripping engaging a hammer member encircling said drill stem,

said connecting rod reciprocating in response to the rotation of said drive wheel and effecting upward and down Ward movement of said hammer member, a gib disposed on said frame parallel to the longitudinal axis of said drill stern maintaining the movement of said hammer member in a linear direction, a first friction clutch gripping said drill stem and moving with said hammer member to impart upward and downward longitudinal movement to said drill stem, a second friction clutch engaging said first friction clutch and moving with said hammer member, said connecting rod intermittently imparting a rotating movement to said second friction clutch, said first friction clutch and said drill stem rotating with said second friction clutch, and an anvil encircling said drill stem and periodically engaged by said hammer member, the position of said anvil being fixed with reference to the movement of said hammer member, said hammer member engaging said first friction clutch on said drill stem to effect longitudinal displacement of the latter with reference to said first friction clutch.

7. A drilling machine adapted to receive a drill stern comprising a frame, a rotatable drive wheel supported on said frame, a connecting rod having one end pivotally engaging a side of said drive wheel and another end pivotally engaging a hammer member encircling said drill stem, said connecting rod reciprocating in response to the rotation of said drive wheel and effecting upward and downward movement of said hammer member, a gib disposed on said frame parallel to the longitudinal'axis of said drill stem maintaining the movement of said hammer member in a linear direction, a first friction clutch gripping said drill stem and moving with said hammer member to impart upward and downward longitudinal movement to said drill stem, a second friction clutch engaging said first friction clutch and moving with said hammer member, said connecting rod engaging said second friction clutch and intermittently imparting a rotating movement to said second friction clutch, the rotation of said second friction clutch rotating said first friction clutch and said dnill stem, a holding pawl engaging said first friction clutch to maintain a unidirectional rotation of said drill stern, and an anvil encircling said drill stem and periodically engaged by said hammer member, the position of said anvil being fixed with reference to the movement of said hammer member, said hammer member engaging said anvil at a force overcoming the gripping force of said first friction clutch on said drill stem to effect longitudinal displacement of the latterwith reference to said first friction clutch.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 

